It was discovered on October 10, 1846, by English astronomer William Lassell. Triton (diameter: 2,707 km / 1,682 km) is the largest natural satellite of the planet Neptune, and the first Neptunian moon to be discovered.Life in such an ocean could possibly be similar to microbial life on Earth in the deep ocean. Life may exist in Europa’s under-ice ocean, perhaps subsisting in an environment similar to Earth’s deep-ocean hydrothermal vents or Antarctica’s Lake Vostok. Heat energy from tidal flexing ensures that the ocean remains liquid and drives geological activity.
The apparent youth and smoothness of the surface have led to the hypothesis that a water ocean exists beneath it, which could conceivably serve as an abode for extraterrestrial life. The smooth surface includes a layer of ice, while the bottom of the ice is theorized to be liquid water. It has a smooth and bright surface, with a layer of water surrounding the mantle of the planet, thought to be 100 kilometers thick. Europa (Jupiter II, diameter: 3,122 km / 1,940 mi) is the smallest of the four Galilean moons orbiting Jupiter and the sixth closest to the planet. This leads to a volume of Europa’s oceans of 3×10 18 m 3, between two or three times the volume of Earth’s oceans. It is estimated that the outer crust of solid ice is approximately 10-30 kilometers (6-19 mi) thick, including a ductile “warm ice” layer, which could mean that the liquid ocean underneath may be about 100 kilometers (60 mi) deep.
Scientists’ consensus is that a layer of liquid water exists beneath Europa’s surface. Life in such an ocean could possibly be similar to microbial life on Earth in the deep ocean.Īll of the water on Jupiter’s moon Europa compared to all of the water on Earth. Life may exist in Europa’s under-ice ocean, perhaps subsisting in an environment similar to Earth’s deep-ocean hydrothermal vents or Antarctica’s Lake Vostok. Europa (Jupiter II, diameter: 3,122 km / 1,940 mi) is the smallest of the four Galilean moons orbiting Jupiter and the sixth closest to the planet.It is the fourth-largest moon, has the highest density of all the moons, and has the least amount of water of any known astronomical object in the Solar System. Io (Jupiter I, diameter: 3,643 km / 2,264 mi) is the innermost of the four Galilean moons (see notes 2) of Jupiter.Galileo spacecraft (see notes 1) revealed that Callisto may have a small silicate core and possibly a subsurface ocean of liquid water at depths greater than 100 km. It is the third-largest moon in the Solar System after Ganymede and Saturn’s largest moon Titan. Callisto (Jupiter IV, diameter: 4,821 km / 2,996 mi) is the second-largest moon of Jupiter, after Ganymede.Related: Living on Mars is a terrible idea, scientist says. On January 14, 2005, ESA’s Huygens probe made its descent to the surface Titan (see the video below). These conditions may make Titan the most hospitable extraterrestrial world within our solar system for human colonization. Discovered by Christiaan Huygens on March 25, 1655, it is the only moon in the solar system known to have a dense atmosphere, and so far, the only object in space, other than Earth, where clear evidence of stable bodies of surface liquid has been found. Titan (diameter: 5,151 km / 3,200 mi) is the largest moon of Saturn.It also probably has an internal ocean under its surface that may contain more water than all of Earth’s oceans combined. Ganymede (Jupiter III, diameter: 5,268 km / 3,273 mi) is the largest moon of Jupiter and in the Solar System, and the only moon known to have a magnetic field.Earth, equatorial diameter: 12,756 km (7926 mi).
The moons of the Solar System in Perspective (click on the image to enlarge) Rocky planets, dwarf planets, and the moons of the solar system
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